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Title:

Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Ceria Nanoparticles on Different Cell Lines in Vitro

Date:

2/2013

Link to Journal Abstract

Abstract:

Owing to their radical scavenging and UV-filtering properties, ceria nanoparticles (CeO2-NPs) are currently used for various applications, including as catalysts in diesel particulate filters. Because of their ability to filter UV light, CeO2-NPs have garnered significant interest in the medical field and, consequently, are poised for use in various applications. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of short-term (24 h) and long-term (10 days) CeO2-NP exposure to A549, CaCo2 and HepG2 cell lines. Cytotoxicity assays tested CeO2-NPs over a concentration range of 0.5 �g/mL to 5000 �g/mL, whereas genotoxicity assays tested CeO2-NPs over a concentration range of 0.5 �g/mL to 5000 �g/mL. In vitro assays showed almost no short-term exposure toxicity on any of the tested cell lines. Conversely, long-term CeO2-NP exposure proved toxic for all tested cell lines. NP genotoxicity was detectable even at 24-h exposure. HepG2 was the most sensitive cell line overall; however, the A549 line was most sensitive to the lowest concentration tested. Moreover, the results confirmed the ceria nanoparticles� capacity to protect cells when they are exposed to well-known oxidants such as H2O2. A Comet assay was performed in the presence of both H2O2 and CeO2-NPs. When hydrogen peroxide was maintained at 25 �M, NPs at 0.5 �g/mL, 50 �g/mL, and 500 �g/mL protected the cells from oxidative damage. Thus, the NPs prevented H2O2-induced genotoxic damage.

Non-technical Summary:

The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of short-term (24 h) and long-term (10 days) ceria nanoparticle (CeO2-NP) exposure to A549, CaCo2 and HepG2 cell lines.

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Peer Reviewed Journal Article

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