International Council on Nanotechnology, Rice University - Virtual Journal

Assessment of DNA damage caused by locally produced hydroxyapatite-silica nanocomposite using Comet assay on human lung fibroblast cell line

Wed, 16 May 2012 18:31:38 GMT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxicity effect of locally produced hydroxyapatite-silica nanocomposite using Comet assay on human lung fibroblast cell line, MRC-5.
Molecular and Cellular Toxicology, 8(1): 53-60 (March 2012)

Current status and future prospects of nanotechnology in cosmetics

Wed, 16 May 2012 16:48:14 GMT

This review includes a discussion of public opinion of nanotechnology in general, and includes the most important definitions related to this emerging technology along with a summary of the general characteristics of nanoparticles and their safety aspects.
Progress in Materials Science, 57(5): 875-910 (June 2012)

Comparison of Cytotoxicity of Pristine and Covalently Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in RAW 264.7 Macrophages

Wed, 16 May 2012 16:33:08 GMT

In this study, the toxicological effects of the pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes (p-MWCNTs) and taurine functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (tau-MWCNTs) were assessed on RAW 264.7 macrophages. Cell viability, GSH/GSSG ratio, apoptosis, intracellular calcium concentration, ultrastructural changes of cell morphology, and the release of IL-8 were tested.
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 12(1): 274-283 (January 2012)

Osteoblast cell response to nanoscale SiO2/ZrO2 particulate-reinforced titanium composites and scaffolds by powder metallurgy

Wed, 16 May 2012 16:16:04 GMT

In this study, new particulate-reinforced Ti-based composites with nanoscale oxide particles of SiO2 and ZrO2 were prepared using a powder metallurgical method and cell culture studies wereundertaken on these materials to determine biocompatibility and cell adhesion characteristics.
Journal of Materials Science, 47(10): 4410-4414 (May 2012)

The effect of fluorination of zinc oxide nanoparticles on evaluation of their biodistribution after oral administration

Tue, 15 May 2012 17:09:27 GMT

In this study, the authors investigated the behavior and accumulation of nano-scaled ZnO (20 nm) and submicro-scaled ZnO (100 nm) particles in organic tissues after oral administration using PET imaging. Both types of ZnO nanoparticle (20 or 100 nm) were labeled with the radionuclide 18F.
Nanotechnology, 2012, 23(20): 205102 (8 pp)

Abnormal effects of unpurified and purified multi-walled carbon nanotubes in A549, Jurkat and THP-1 cell lines

Tue, 15 May 2012 16:59:15 GMT

In this study, the authors compared the effects of purified and unpurified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on A549, Jurkat, and THP-1 cell lines.
Molecular and Cellular Toxicology, 8(1): 103-112 (March 2012)

Phagocytosis and Endocytosis of Silver Nanoparticles Induce Interleukin-8 Production in Human Macrophages

Tue, 15 May 2012 16:49:20 GMT

The data presented in this paper enhance the understanding of the process of internalization of silver nanoparticles by macrophages.
Yonsei Medical Journal, 53(3): 654-657 (May 2012)

Magnetic nanoparticles: an update of application for drug delivery and possible toxic effects

Tue, 15 May 2012 16:39:51 GMT

This review contains current advances in magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for drug delivery and their possible organ toxicities associated with disturbance in body iron homeostasis. The importance of protein–MNP interactions and various safety considerations relating to MNP exposure are also addressed.
Archives of Toxicology, 86(5): 685-700 (May 2012)

Characterization of biocompatible NiCo2O4 nanoparticles for applications in hyperthermia and drug delivery

Tue, 15 May 2012 16:22:17 GMT

For this study, monodispersed, superparamagnetic nickel cobaltite (NCO) nanoparticles were functionalized using mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) and cytotoxicity studies of NCO-MPA were determined on SiHa, MCF7, and B16F10 cell lines, and on mouse primary fibroblasts.
Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 8(4): 452-459 (May 2012)

Toxicity and antibacterial assessment of chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles on human pathogens and macrophage cells

Tue, 15 May 2012 16:08:10 GMT

The purpose of this study was to synthesize chitosan-stabilized AgNPs (CS-AgNPs) and test for their cytotoxic, genotoxic, macrophage cell uptake, antibacterial, and antibiofilm activities. Genotoxic and cytotoxic activity were determined by DNA fragmentation, comet, and MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assays. Cellular uptake and intracellular antibacterial activity were tested on macrophages.
International Journal of Nanomedicine, 2012, 7: 1805-1818

Oxidative stress-induced cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of nano-sized titanium dioxide particles in human HaCaT keratinocytes

Tue, 15 May 2012 15:54:30 GMT

This study investigates whether ROS-induced mitochondrial DNA damage is the mode of action of titanium dioxide-NPs (TiO2-NPs; ¡Ü20 nm) to induce cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in human HaCaT keratinocytes in vitro.
Toxicology, 296(1-3): 27-36 (June 2012)

Designed Synthesis of CeO2 Nanorods and Nanowires for Studying Toxicological Effects of High Aspect Ratio Nanomaterials

Tue, 15 May 2012 15:20:16 GMT

This paper describes the synthesis of a series of cerium oxide nanorods and nanowires with precisely controlled lengths and aspect ratios which was followed by a systematic study of the effect of aspect ratio on lysosomal damage, cytoxicity and IL-1©¬ production by the human myeloid cell line (THP-1).
ACS Nano, 2012, Just Accepted Manuscript, DOI: 10.1021/nn3012114

Cells Take up and Recover from Protein-Stabilized Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes with Two Distinct Rates

Mon, 14 May 2012 17:07:50 GMT

For this study, the authors quantified NIH-3T3 cellular uptake of and recovery from individualized Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) dispersed using a biocompatible dispersing agent, bovine serum albumin (BSA). Uptake and recovery were determined by monitoring the mass of SWCNTs-BSA per cell, as a function of SWCNTs-BSA over a concentration range and time range. To determine SWCNTs-BSA biocompatibility as a function of uptake and recovery, cytotoxicity, proliferation potential, and cell phenotype were monitored for each condition.
ACS Nano, 2012, 6(4): 3481-3490

Comparison of dermal absorption of zinc from different sunscreen formulations and differing UV exposure based on stable isotope tracing

Mon, 14 May 2012 16:58:12 GMT

In a pilot study to determine if zinc (Zn) from zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreen can penetrate human skin in vivo, nanoparticles (~ 30 nm) of a stable isotope (52% 68Zn enrichment) were incorporated into an essentially phytochemical-based formulation and applied to the backs of 3 human subjects twice daily for 5 days during the Southern Hemisphere winter. Blood and urine were collected prior to application and at regular intervals and up to 50 days.
Science of the Total Environment, 420: 313-320 (March 2012)

Genotoxicity evaluation of fullerene C60 nanoparticles in a comet assay using lung cells of intratracheally instilled rats

Mon, 14 May 2012 16:06:16 GMT

For this study, the genotoxicity of fullerene C60 nanoparticles was evaluated in vivo with comet assays using the lung cells of rats given C60 nanoparticles. The C60 nanoparticles were intratracheally instilled as a single dose or repeated dose once a week for 5 weeks, to male rats.
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 62(3): 419-424 (April 2012)

Risk assessment strategies as nanomaterials transition into commercial applications

Mon, 14 May 2012 15:50:04 GMT

Given that the greatest potential for global environmental impacts results from nanomaterials that are both persistent and toxic, this paper advocates screening first for persistence since it is easier to assess than toxicity. For materials that show potential for persistence, a higher burden of proof of their non-toxicity is suggested before they enter the commercial marketplace whereas a lower burden of proof may be acceptable for nanomaterials that are less persistent.
Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 14(4): 786 (April 2012)

Are stirring and sonication pre-dispersion methods equivalent for in vitro toxicology evaluation of SiC and TiC?

Mon, 14 May 2012 15:42:56 GMT

For this study, the evolution of the particle size distribution and the surface composition of silicon carbide and titanium carbide nanoparticle (NP) dispersions were studied. The pre-dispersions were prepared using two commonly used protocols for dispersion: stirring and sonication. Two dispersants were investigated (water and Pluronic F108 1 %) at two stages: pre-dispersion and during in vitro assays.
Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 14(4): 815 (April 2012)

Characterization of nanoparticles released during construction of photocatalytic pavements using engineered nanoparticles

Mon, 14 May 2012 15:32:58 GMT

In this study, the potential of exposure to synthetic nanoparticles released during construction activities for application of photocatalytic pavements was measured during laboratory-simulated construction activities of photocatalytic mortar overlays and in an actual field application of photocatalytic spray coat. A scanning mobility particle sizer system measured the size distribution of nanoparticles released during laboratory and field activities.
Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 14(4): 825 (April 2012)

Challenges in Development of Nanoparticle-Based Therapeutics

Mon, 14 May 2012 15:14:35 GMT

This review summarizes challenges likely to be encountered during the development and approval of nanoparticle-based therapeutics, and discusses potential strategies for drug developers and regulatory agencies to accelerate the growth of this important field.
The AAPS Journal, 14(2): 282-295 (June 2012)

Nanotechnologies in the food industry - Recent developments, risks and regulation

Mon, 14 May 2012 15:04:19 GMT

The focus of this review is recent developments in nanotechnologies in the food sector, both in terms of the food matrix and also in food-related industries such as food packaging. The manufacture of nanomaterials, their uses, applicable legislation and associated risks are also discussed.
Trends in Food Science & Technology, 24(1): 30-46 (March 2012)

Improved sample preparation and quality control for the characterisation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in sunscreens using flow field flow fractionation on-line with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Mon, 14 May 2012 14:37:54 GMT

This work describes the first systematic comparison and optimisation of extraction methods for titanium dioxide nanoparticles in sunscreen samples and their size characterization by flow field flow fractionation on-line with element selective detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 2012, Advance Article, DOI: 10.1039/C2JA10387G

Surface Defects on Plate-Shaped Silver Nanoparticles Contribute to Its Hazard Potential in a Fish Gill Cell Line and Zebrafish Embryos

Mon, 14 May 2012 14:07:21 GMT

In this study, the authors investigated and compared nanosize Ag spheres, plates, and wires in a fish gill epithelial cell line (RT-W1) and in zebrafish embryos to understand the mechanism of toxicity of an engineered nanomaterial raising considerable environmental concern.
ACS Nano, 2012, Article ASAP, DOI: 10.1021/nn204671v

Presence of Amorphous Carbon Nanoparticles in Food Caramels

Fri, 11 May 2012 17:01:38 GMT

In this study the authors investigate for the presence of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) in different carbohydrate based food caramels, viz. bread, jaggery, sugar caramel, corn flakes and biscuits, where the preparation involves heating of the starting material.
Scientific Reports, 2012, 2:383 (5 pp)

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes induce cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in human lung epithelial cells

Thu, 10 May 2012 17:09:19 GMT

For this study, the cytotoxic and genotoxic/oxidative effects induced by commercial multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on human lung epithelial (A549) cells treated with 5, 10, 40 and 100 µg ml−1 for different exposure times was evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays were performed to evaluate cytotoxicity. Fpg-modified comet assay was used to evaluate direct-oxidative DNA damage.
Journal of Applied Toxicology, 32(6): 454-464 (June 2012)

The biological effects of subacute inhalation of diesel exhaust following addition of cerium oxide nanoparticles in atherosclerosis-prone mice

Thu, 10 May 2012 17:00:47 GMT

For this study, atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE−/−) mice were exposed by inhalation to diluted exhaust, from an engine using standard diesel fuel (DE) or the same diesel fuel containing 9 ppm cerium oxide nanoparticles (DCeE). Changes in hematological indices, clinical chemistry, atherosclerotic burden, tissue levels of inflammatory cytokines and pathology of the major organs were assessed.
Environmental Research, 115: 1-10 (May 2012)

Impact of fullerene particle interaction on biochemical activities in fermenting Zymomonas mobilis

Thu, 10 May 2012 16:44:31 GMT

In this study, the authors explored the molecular interactions between bacterial cells and C60 nanoparticles (nano-C60 aggregates and fullerenol) and their impact on biochemical activities of Zymomonas mobilis in a fermentation system.
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 31(4): 712-716 (April 2012)

Biodistribution of Aqueous Suspensions of Carbon Nanotubes in Mice and Their Biocompatibility

Thu, 10 May 2012 16:36:50 GMT

In this study, two-types of water-dispersible carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared and their biodistribution in mice as well as bio-/cyto-compatibility were investigated. After administration, their organs were excised at various post-injection times, then observed using both optical and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 12(1): 700-706 (January 2012)

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes induce COX-2 and iNOS expression via MAP Kinase-dependent and - independent mechanisms in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages

Thu, 10 May 2012 16:21:32 GMT

For this study, RAW264.7 macrophages were exposed to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) or carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs) over a range of doses and time course to test the hypothesis that MWCNTs induce two key inflammatory enzymes in macrophages, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), through activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1,2).
Particle and Fibre Toxicology, 2012, 9:14 (25 pp)

ZnO, TiO2, SiO2, and Al2O3 Nanoparticles-induced Toxic Effects on Human Fetal Lung Fibroblasts

Thu, 10 May 2012 15:00:46 GMT

This study aims to investigate and compare the toxic effects of four types of metal oxide (ZnO, TiO2, SiO2, and Al2O3) nanoparticles with similar primary size (¡20 nm) on human fetal lung fibroblasts (HFL1) in vitro. The HFL1 cells were exposed to the nanoparticles, and toxic effects were analyzed by using MTT assay, cellular morphology observation and Hoechst 33 258 staining.
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, 24(6): 661-669 (December 2011)

Genotoxicity of metal nanoparticles

Thu, 10 May 2012 14:52:31 GMT

In this review article, the authors highlight some metal and metal oxide nanoparticles of interest and discuss the current in vivo and in vitro studies of genotoxic effects. The areas requiring further attention are highlighted and recommendations to improve our understanding of the genotoxic potential are addressed.
Reviews on Environmental Health, 26(4): 251-268 (December 2011)

Synthesis and Cellular Biocompatibility of Two Nanophase Hydroxyapatite with Different Ca/P Ratio

Thu, 10 May 2012 14:40:36 GMT

For this study, the cellular biocompatibility of two types of nanophase hydroxyapatites including nanophase standard hydroxyapatite (n-HA) and nanophase calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (n-CDHA) synthesized by a wet chemical method were assessed using primary cultured osteoblasts. Cytotoxicity of both materials was investigated with L929 cell line. The MTT method was used to evaluate the proliferation of osteoblasts on the third day and ALP activity assay was carried out on the fifth day.
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 11(12): 11069-11073 (December 2011)

Investigation on Mechanism of Growth Arrest Induced by Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in PC12 Cells

Thu, 10 May 2012 14:12:48 GMT

This study was undertaken to elucidate the cytotoxicity and DNA damage of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) on PC12 cells line which derived from Rattus norvegicus pheochromocytoma. The cell viability was observed by MTS assay and cell cycle status was analyzed using flow cytometry. DNA damage related gene (P53) and its downstream targets (P21 and GADD45) were determined by semiquantitative RT-PCR.
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 11(12): 11079-11083 (December 2011)

Interaction of ZnO Nanoparticles with Microbes - A Physio and Biochemical Assay

Wed, 09 May 2012 17:01:39 GMT

The antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO) on various microorganisms has been investigated in this study and acting mechanism is proposed for E. coli a model organism by analyzing the growth, permeability and morphology of the bacterial cells.
Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology, 7(6): 813-822 (December 2011)

Cytotoxicity evaluation of 63s bioactive glass and bone-derived hydroxyapatite particles using human bone-marrow stem cells

Wed, 09 May 2012 15:52:42 GMT

In this study, the effect of 63S bioactive glass and bone-derived hydroxyapatite particles on the proliferation of human bone-marrow stem cells (hMSCs) was investigated. Bioactive glass particles were made via sol-gel method and hydroxyapatite was obtained from bovine bone. The in vitro cytotoxicity of particles was valuated using MTT assay.
Biomedical Papers-Olomouc, 2011, 155(4): 323-326

In Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress Induced by Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes in Murine RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Human A549 Lung Cells

Wed, 09 May 2012 15:23:49 GMT

The purpose of this study was to investigate in vitro cytotoxicity and oxidative stress response induced by multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Cultured macrophages (murine RAW264.7 cells) and alveolar epithelium cells type II (human A549 lung cells) were exposed to the blank control, DNA salt control, and the MWCNTs suspensions at 2.5, 10, 25, and 100 ìg/mL for 24 h. Each treatment was evaluated by cell viability, cytotoxicity and oxidative stress.
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, 24(6): 593-601 (December 2011)

Gold nanoparticles administration induces disarray of heart muscle, hemorrhagic, chronic inflammatory cells infiltrated by small lymphocytes, cytoplasmic vacuolization and congested and dilated blood vessels

Wed, 09 May 2012 14:57:21 GMT

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of intraperitoneal administration of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) on histological alterations of the heart tissue of rats in an attempt to identify and understand the toxicity and the potential role of GNPs as a therapeutic and diagnostic tool. A total of 40 healthy male Wistar-Kyoto rats received 50 ìl infusions of 10, 20 and 50 nm GNPs for 3 or 7 days.
Lipids in Health and Disease, 2011, 10: 233 (9 pp)

Mechanisms of carbon nanotube-induced toxicity: Focus on oxidative stress

Tue, 08 May 2012 16:41:18 GMT

This review investigates the oxidative stress paradigm for understanding of nanoparticle-induced toxicity - does oxidative stress represent a secondary event resulting inevitably from disruption of biochemical processes and the demise of the cell, or a specific, non-random event that plays a role in the induction of cellular damage e.g. apoptosis?
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, In Press, DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.03.023

A short history of the toxicology of inhaled particles

Mon, 07 May 2012 14:46:46 GMT

This review covers the historical development of particle toxicology leading to the current era of nanotoxicology where a large and diverse range of new nanoparticles types are under scrutiny.
Particle and Fibre Toxicology, 2012, 9:13 (26 pp)

Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism and Toxicity of Carbon Nanotubes for Biomedical Purposes

Fri, 04 May 2012 16:37:36 GMT

This review summarizes the updated data of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from the biomedical view. The information shows that surface chemistry is crucial in regulating the in vivo behaviors of CNTs.
Theranostics, 2012, 2(3): 271-282

The Biocompatibility of Nanodiamonds and Their Application in Drug Delivery Systems

Fri, 04 May 2012 16:31:28 GMT

This paper summarizes the main results from the in vitro and in vivo safety assessments of nanodiamonds (NDs) and reports the application of NDs in the development of drug delivery systems.
Theranostics, 2012, 2(3): 302-312

Morphological properties of nanoporous folic acid materials and in vitro assessment of their biocompatibility

Fri, 04 May 2012 16:14:47 GMT

In this study, nanoporous folic acid-templated materials (NFM-1) were prepared and the synthetic strategies for the control of textural and morphology properties of NFM-1 are described. The potential biocompatibility of NFM-1 particles with different morphology (gyroid shaped, fibers and rod-shaped) was assessed using a panel of human cell lines.
Nanomedicine, 7(3): 327-334 (March 2012)

Effects of SiO2 nanoparticles on HFL-I activating ROS-mediated apoptosis via p53 pathway

Thu, 03 May 2012 16:56:37 GMT

In this study, human lung fibroblasts (HFL-Is) were directly exposed to two different sizes of silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs). The effect of size and concentration on cell response was studied by analyzing the cell viability, the ratio of apoptosis and the pathway of cell injury.
Journal of Applied Toxicology, 32(5): 358-364 (May 2012)

Cellular uptake and phototoxicity of surface-modified fluorescent nanodiamonds

Thu, 03 May 2012 16:49:09 GMT

This study investigates the mechanisms involved in the cellular uptake of surface-modified 140 nm fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) and evaluates their cytotoxicity and phototoxicity following particle internalization. The cytotoxicity of internalized particles was evaluated using the MTT assay.
Diamond and Related Materials, 22: 96-104 (February 2012)

Xylem- and Phloem-Based Transport of CuO Nanoparticles in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Thu, 03 May 2012 16:03:16 GMT

This work reports on the toxicity of CuO nanoparticles (NPs) to maize (Zea mays L.) and their transport and redistribution in the plant.
Environ. Sci. Technol., 2012, 46(8): 4434-4441

Effect of ingested titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the digestive gland cell membrane of terrestrial isopods

Thu, 03 May 2012 15:45:42 GMT

The aim of this study was to find out whether ingested titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) cause cell membrane damage by direct contact or by lipid peroxidation. The study assessed lipid peroxidation and digestive gland cell membrane stability of an invertebrate model organism (Porcellio scaber, Isopoda, Crustacea)fed on food dosed with nano-TiO2. Conventional toxicity measures were completed to determine if cellular effects are propagated to higher levels of biological complexity.
Chemosphere, 87(1): 19-25 (March 2012)

Health and safety implications of occupational exposure to engineered nanomaterials

Thu, 03 May 2012 15:36:23 GMT

This review provides a summary of current research and regulatory efforts related to occupational exposure and medical surveillance for the nanotechnology workforce, focusing on the most prevalent industrial nanomaterials currently moving through the research, development, and manufacturing pipelines. Their applications and usage precedes a discussion of occupational health and safety efforts, including exposure assessment, occupational health surveillance, and regulatory considerations for these nanomaterials.
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology, 4(3): 310-321 (May/June 2012)

Harmonic Nanocrystals for Biolabeling: A Survey of Optical Properties and Biocompatibility

Thu, 03 May 2012 15:26:07 GMT

This review presents a complete survey of the properties of five nanomaterials (KNbO3, LiNbO3, BaTiO3, KTP, and ZnO), describing their preparation and stabilization and providing quantitative estimations of their nonlinear optical response assesses their biocompatibility on human healthy and cancerous cell lines.
ACS Nano, 2012, 6(3): 2545-2549

Manufactured and airborne nanoparticle cardiopulmonary interactions: a review of mechanisms and the possible contribution of mast cells

Thu, 03 May 2012 15:05:47 GMT

This review evaluates the potential contribution of individual mediators and mechanisms in facilitating cardiopulmonary toxicity following inhalation of airborne ultrafine particles (UFP) and nanoparticles (NP) and also appraises the literature and proposes a hypothesis regarding the possible role of mast cells in contributing to these systemic effects.
Inhalation Toxicology, 2012, 24(5): 320-339

Lysosomal membrane destabilization induced by high accumulation of single-walled carbon nanohorns in murine macrophage RAW 264.7

Wed, 02 May 2012 17:15:41 GMT

For this study, by exploiting the availability of large quantities of single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWNHs), cytotoxicity and the immunological responses induced by the abundant uptake of these structures were studied in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages.
Biomaterials, 33(9): 2762-2769 (March 2012)

Concentration-dependent effects of carbon nanoparticles in gram-negative bacteria determined by infrared spectroscopy with multivariate analysis

Wed, 02 May 2012 17:05:54 GMT

This study examined the effects of long or short multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), C60 fullerene and fullerene soot in Gram-negative bacteria. Attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was applied to derive signature spectral fingerprints of effects for a concentration-dependent response .
Environmental Pollution, 2012, 163: 226-234

Biomimetic, Mild Chemical Synthesis of CdTe-GSH Quantum Dots with Improved Biocompatibility

Wed, 02 May 2012 16:57:58 GMT

In this study, a simple protocol for the chemical synthesis of glutathione (GSH)-capped CdTe QDs (CdTe-GSH) resembling conditions found in biological systems is described. The biocompatibility of these nanoparticles was investigated using eukaryotic cells.
PLoS One, 2012, 7(1): e30741

Cell Permeability, Migration, and Reactive Oxygen Species Induced by Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes in Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Tue, 01 May 2012 16:38:45 GMT

This study investigates how exposure to multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) affects cell permeability in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC) and whether MWCNT-induced rise in endothelial permeability is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and actin filament remodeling.
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues, 2012, 75(2): 112-128

Silver-Loaded Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite Grafted Poly(å-caprolactone) Composite Nanofibers: A Cytotoxicity Study

Tue, 01 May 2012 16:25:32 GMT

This study reports on poly(å-caprolactone) (PCL) containing biomimetic hydroxyapatite (HA) and hydroxyapatite-silver (HA-Ag) composite nanofibers prepared via an electrospinning process for the biomedical applications. The adhesion, viability and proliferation properties of composite nanofibers and differentiation of osteoblast were carried out to study the in vitro cell compatibility of the PCL/HA/HA-Ag composite nanofibers.
Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology, 8(1): 125-132 (February 2012)

Oxidative Stress Induced by Pure and Iron-Doped Amorphous Silica Nanoparticles in Subtoxic Conditions

Tue, 01 May 2012 16:15:34 GMT

This study was designed to examine the association of oxidative stress markers with SiO2-NP induced cytotoxicity in human endothelial cells. The study used pure monodisperse amorphous silica nanoparticles of two sizes (16 and 60 nm) and a positive control, iron-doped nanosilica (16 nm; SFe), to study the generation of hydroxyl radicals (HO·) in cellular-free conditions and oxidative stress in cellular systems.
Chemical Research in Toxicology, 25(4): 828-837 (April 2012)

In vitro biocompatibility assessment of functionalized magnetite nanoparticles: Biological and cytotoxicological effects

Tue, 01 May 2012 15:47:56 GMT

In this study, variously functionalized magnetite nanoparticles were evaluated for biocompatibility, cellular morphology, mitochondrial function (MTT assay), lactate dehydrogenase membrane leakage (LDH assay), and proinflammatory potential through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for interleukin 6 (IL-6).
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 100A(6): 1637-1646 (June 2012)

Effect of Polyethylene Glycol Modification of TiO2 Nanoparticles on Cytotoxicity and Gene Expressions in Human Cell Lines

Tue, 01 May 2012 15:34:43 GMT

In this study, TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were conjugated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to eliminate aggregation and the effects of these particles on cytotoxicity and gene expression was investigated.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2012, 13(3): 3703-3717

Cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of tri-block copolymer nanoparticles with different size and surface characteristics

Tue, 01 May 2012 15:10:30 GMT

For this study, fluorescent, monodisperse tri-block copolymer nanoparticles with different sizes (45 and 90 nm) and surface charges (positive and negative) were synthesized, characterized and studied for uptake and cytotoxicity in NR8383 and Caco-2 cells.
Particle and Fibre Toxicology, 2012, 9:11 (40 pp)

Current Methods and Research Progress in Nanomaterials Risk Assessment

Mon, 30 Apr 2012 16:50:33 GMT

The major goal of this review is to summarize 1) analytical techniques applied for characterization of nanomaterials, 2) current analytical methods to assess nanomaterials toxicity in vitro and in vivo; 3) research progress of polymeric nanomaterials toxicity; 4) outlook.
Current Drug Metabolism, 13(4): 354-363 (May 2012)

In vivo biodegradation of colloidal quantum dots by a freshwater invertebrate, Daphnia magna

Mon, 30 Apr 2012 16:37:16 GMT

For this study, the impacts of planktonic invertebrate, Daphnia magna, on the speciation of colloidal quantum dots (QD) were investigated using fluorescence spectromicroscopic technique.
Aquatic Toxicology, 114-115: 217-222 (June 2012)

Toxicogenomic comparison of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and asbestos

Mon, 30 Apr 2012 16:25:47 GMT

For this study, the 50% growth inhibition (GI50) concentration was determined for multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and asbestos (crocidolite) in the case of 24-h treatment of normal human bronchial epithelia (NHBE) cells. Using these GI50 concentrations, NHBE cells were then treated with MWCNTs and asbestos for 6 and 24 h, followed by a DNA microarray analysis.
Archives of Toxicology, 86(4): 553-562 (April 2012)

Poly-l-lysine Functionalized Large Pore Cubic Mesostructured Silica Nanoparticles as Biocompatible Carriers for Gene Delivery

Mon, 30 Apr 2012 16:12:39 GMT

This paper describes the synthesis of large pore mesoporous silica nanoparticles (LP-MSNs) functionalized with poly-l-lysine (PLL) which were designed as a new carrier material for gene delivery applications and reports on biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of the PLL-modified silica nanoparticles.
ACS Nano, 2012, 6(3): 2104-2117

Development of a multilevel approach for the evaluation of nanomaterials’ toxicity

Thu, 26 Apr 2012 15:20:42 GMT

The aim of this study was to a multilevel approach that includes different toxicity tests and gene-expression studies for toxicity evaluation of engineered nanomaterials developed for biomedical applications. K-562, MCF-7 and U-937 human-derived cell lines were used as models for in vitro toxicity tests. These tests included viability assays; evaluation of apoptosis/necrosis by propidium iodide staining and DNA laddering assay; evaluation of mitochondrial toxicity. For in vivo toxicity evaluation, Swiss mice were used for monitoring acute or chronic effects.
Nanomedicine, 7(3): 393-409 (March 2012)

Long-Term Biodistribution and Biocompatibility Investigation of Dextran-Coated Magnetite Nanoparticle Using Mice as the Animal Model

Thu, 26 Apr 2012 15:06:52 GMT

In this study, magnetic resonance is used to investigate biodistribution aspects of dextran-coated magnetite nanoparticles (9.4 nm core diameter) in both liver and spleen from 5 minutes up to 6 months after intravenous administration of a magnetic fluid sample in female Swiss mice.
Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology, 8(2): 301-308 (April 2012)

Safety and Efficacy of Antioxidants-Loaded Nanoparticles for an Anti-Aging Application

Thu, 26 Apr 2012 14:53:55 GMT

The aim of this work was to perform a pilot study on the safety and efficacy of nanoparticle formulation for cosmetic application. The nanoparticle suspension was characterized in terms of pH and particle size. For the safety assessment, alternative methods as cytotoxicity and HET CAM were used. The clinical skin compatibility tests were also performed.
Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology, 8(2): 316-321 (April 2012)

Evaluation of the Interactions Between Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Caco-2 Cells

Tue, 24 Apr 2012 15:28:40 GMT

The aim of this study was to determine whether multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNCT) are taken up by and are toxic to human intestinal enterocytes using the Caco-2 cell model.
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues, 2012, 75(1): 25-35

The developing respiratory tract and its specific needs in regard to ultrafine particulate matter exposure

Tue, 24 Apr 2012 15:11:45 GMT

This review discusses the differences between children and adults in regard to nanoparticle exposure highlighting the uniqueness and vulnerability of children.
Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, 13(2): 95-99 (June 2012)

Airborne Engineered Nanoparticles: Potential Risks and Monitoring Challenges for Assessing their Impacts on Children

Tue, 24 Apr 2012 15:03:38 GMT

In an attempt to estimate whether nanotechnology can threaten more sensitive parts of the population such as children, the authors provide a brief overview of the potential pathways of introducing ENPs into the environment and the state-of-the-art techniques for assessing human exposure, as well as our current knowledge on their toxic effects.
Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, 13(2): 79-83 (June 2012)

Nanoparticles and Children's Lungs: is there a need for caution?

Tue, 24 Apr 2012 14:54:54 GMT

Eitorial: As any new technology is introduced, there is an imperative to ensure that unexpected adverse health consequences do not accompany technological advances. This is especially true when children may be exposed. We must not fall for the trap of assuming that technologies developed for, or assessed in, adults can be applied to children without addressing the peculiarities of this age group.
Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, 13(2): 71-72 (June 2012)

Microscopic and Spectroscopic Methods Applied to the Measurements of Nanoparticles in the Environment

Tue, 24 Apr 2012 14:41:52 GMT

This review includes the most recent literature about the methods applied to the measurement of NPs and ENPs in the environment. The review covers methods to determine size distribution, shape, structure, surface charge, chemical composition, surface area, agglomeration, surface chemistry, porosity, and solubility.
Applied Spectroscopy Reviews, 2012, 47(3): 180-206

Effect of submicron and nano-iron oxide particles on pulmonary immunity in mice

Tue, 24 Apr 2012 14:31:32 GMT

This study was conducted in mice to investigate the toxicological effects of submicron and nano-iron oxide particles on pulmonary immune defences. In that purpose, the authors explored for the first time, inflammatory and immune responses in lung-associated lymph nodes. Cytokine production, inflammatory and innate immune response, and humoral immune response were respectively assessed 1, 2, and 6 days after particle exposures.
Toxicology Letters, 210(3): 267-275 (May 2012)

Onion-like carbon-encapsulated Co, Ni, and Fe magnetic nanoparticles with low cytotoxicity synthesized by a pulsed plasma in a liquid

Tue, 24 Apr 2012 14:22:00 GMT

This study describes the synthesis of onion-like carbon-encapsulated Co, Ni, and Fe (Co–C, Ni–C, and Fe–C) magnetic nanoparticles with low cytotoxicity using pulsed plasma in a liquid. Cytotoxicity measurements showed higher cancer cell viability than samples synthesized by different methods.
Carbon, 50(5): 1776-1785 (April 2012)

Use of Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Band Gap to Develop a Predictive Paradigm for Oxidative Stress and Acute Pulmonary Inflammation

Tue, 24 Apr 2012 13:54:34 GMT

This study investigates whether conduction band energy levels can be used to delineate the toxicological potential of a series of metal oxide (MOx) nanoparticles at cellular and whole animal levels. The results demonstrate, for the first time, that it is possible to predict the toxicity of a large series of MOx nanoparticles in the lung premised on semiconductor properties and an integrated in vitro/in vivo hazard ranking model premised on oxidative stress.
ACS Nano, 2012, Article ASAP, DOI: 10.1021/nn3010087

Do environmental attitudes and food technology neophobia affect perceptions of the benefits of nanotechnology?

Mon, 23 Apr 2012 14:25:05 GMT

This paper presents the result of an investigation into Canadian attitudes towards nanotechnology, in general, and in applications in the food industry. The relationship between the food technology neophobia scale, environmental attitudes and nanotechnology is examined.
International Journal of Consumer Studies, 36(2): 149-157 (March 2012)

Enhanced cellular uptake of aminosilane-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in mammalian cell lines

Thu, 19 Apr 2012 15:46:45 GMT

This study was undertaken to compare the cellular uptake efficiency and cytotoxicity of aminosilane (SiO2-NH2)-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO@SiO2-NH2) nanoparticles with three other types of SPIO nanoparticles coated with SiO2 (SPIO@SiO2), dextran (SPIO@dextran), or bare SPIO in mammalian cell lines.
International Journal of Nanomedicine, 2012, 7: 953-964

On the characterization of nanoparticles emitted from combustion sources related to understanding their effects on health and climate

Thu, 19 Apr 2012 15:33:58 GMT

This work describes the use of well-controlled laboratory flames to produce aerosols of organic carbon (OC) as model particles representative of the OC fraction of combustion-generated particulate matter emissions in fresh exhausts. Water–particle interactions are explored in two specific cases - exposed to saturated environments and exposed to sub-saturated vapors with H2O concentrations representative of cloud-forming atmospheres.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2012, 211-212: 420-426

Investigating uptake of water-dispersible CdSe/ZnS quantum dot nanoparticles by Arabidopsis thaliana plants

Thu, 19 Apr 2012 15:25:57 GMT

This work investigates the potential root uptake of water-dispersible CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) by the model plant species, Arabidopsis thaliana.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2012, 211-212: 427-435

Ecotoxicity of TiO2 to Daphnia similis under irradiation

Thu, 19 Apr 2012 15:18:39 GMT

The aim of this study was to evaluate anatase and rutile TiO2 toxicity to Daphnia similis exploring their photocatalytic properties by incorporating UV A and visible radiation as a parameter in the assays.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2012, 211-212: 436-442

The potential health risk of titania nanoparticles

Thu, 19 Apr 2012 15:11:34 GMT

This review summarizes relevant reports to support the development of better predictive toxicological models and the safe future application of titania nanoparticles (TNPs).
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2012, 211-212: 404-413

Tuning the Properties of ZnO, Hematite, and Ag Nanoparticles by Adjusting the Surface Charge

Thu, 19 Apr 2012 15:02:30 GMT

In this study, a poly (acryl acid) (PAA) post-treatment method is performed to modify the surface charge of ZnO nanospheres, hematite nanocubes, and Ag nanoprisms from highly positive to very negative by adjusting the PAA concentration, to and greatly modify their photoluminescence, cytotoxicity, magnetism, and surface plasmon resonance. This method provides a general way to tune the nanoparticle properties for broad physicochemical and biological applications.
Advanced Materials, 24(9): 1232-1237 (March 2012)

Titanium dioxide induces apoptotic cell death through reactive oxygen species-mediated Fas upregulation and Bax activation

Thu, 19 Apr 2012 14:50:58 GMT

This study investigates the effects of a combined treatment with TiO2 nanoparticles sized less than 100 nm and ultraviolet A irradiation on apoptotic cell death through reactive oxygen species-dependent upregulation of Fas and conformational activation of Bax in normal human cells.
International Journal of Nanomedicine, 2012, 7: 1203-1214

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of camptothecin nanosuspension: A novel formulation with high antitumor efficacy and low toxicity

Thu, 19 Apr 2012 14:41:32 GMT

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antitumor efficacy and the dose dependent toxicity of camptothecin nanosuspension (Nano-CPT) comparing with that of topotecan (TPT). The cytotoxicity of Nano-CPT and TPT was investigated against MCF-7, HCT-8, and PC-3 cell lines using MTT assay.
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 423(2): 586-588 (February 2012)

Real-Time Investigation of Acute Toxicity of ZnO Nanoparticles on Human Lung Epithelia with Hopping Probe Ion Conductance Microscopy

Thu, 19 Apr 2012 14:32:27 GMT

In this study, early responses of living human alveolar epithelial A549 cells after exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) were investigated by noncontact hopping probe ion conductance microscopy (HPICM) that was combined with the patch-clamp technique to help understand the mechanism for acute lung epithelial inflammation and respiratory toxicity of these materials.
Chemical Research in Toxicology, 25(2): 297-304 (February 2012)

Carbon Nanomaterials: Efficacy and Safety for Nanomedicine

Thu, 19 Apr 2012 14:22:16 GMT

In this review, the authors discuss currently available information regarding the safety of carbon nanomaterials in nanomedicine applications, including information obtained from their own studies; and they discuss types of carbon nanomaterials that demonstrate particular promise for safe nanomedicine technologies.
Materials, 5(2): 350-363 (February 2012)

Review: Nanoparticles toxicity and their routes of exposures

Thu, 19 Apr 2012 14:10:35 GMT

In order to understand the effects of exposures to nanomaterials, this review seeks to examine the various toxicological portal routes associated with NPs exposures. This review also provides a step by step systematic approach for the easy identification and addressing of occupational health hazards arising from NPs.
Pakistani Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2012, 25(2): 477-491

Thermodynamic and conformational investigation of the influence of CdTe QDs size on the toxic interaction with BSA

Wed, 18 Apr 2012 16:57:32 GMT

In this study, the fluorescence (FL) quenching method, circular dichroism (CD) technique, attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) and UV–vis absorption spectra were used to investigate systematically the influence of CdTe QDs size on the toxic interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA).
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 230(1): 23-30 (February 2012)

Alleviation of cadmium-induced root growth inhibition in crop seedlings by nanoparticles

Wed, 18 Apr 2012 16:50:14 GMT

The short-term effects of six types of nanoparticles (NPs) (Kaolin, montmorillonite, hydroxyapatite, Fe3O4, ¦Á-Fe2O3 and ¦Ã-Fe2O3) on the EC50s (Cd) for root growth of four plant species (i.e. tomato, cucumber, carrot and lettuce) were investigated using standard toxicity testing. NPs and Cd influencing on growth of the plant were as well as tested.
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2012, 79: 48-54

Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)/hydroxyapatite core–shell nanospheres. Part 4: A change of the surface properties during degradation process and the corresponding in vitro cellular response

Wed, 18 Apr 2012 16:14:07 GMT

This study investigated the surface properties of PLGA/HAp core–shell nanoparticles loaded with clindamycin obtained by an ultrasonic processing method and their changes under the simulated physiological conditions during the degradation process and the cytocompatibility of the material with the mouse L929 and human lung MRC-5 fibroblasts was studied.
Colloids and Surfaces B:Biointerfaces, 91: 144-153 (March 2012)

Cellular and in vitro toxicity of nanodiamond-polyaniline composites in mammalian and bacterial cell

Wed, 18 Apr 2012 16:04:47 GMT

The objective of this work was to study the toxic effects of the nanodiamond-polyaniline (ND-Pani) composites in Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK) cell line. Toxic effects of either ND or ND-Pani nanocomposite in powder form on HEK293 were tested using MTT assay.
Materials Science and Engineering: C - Materials for Biological Applications, 32(3): 594-598 (April 2012)

Life cycle assessment as a tool to enhance the environmental performance of carbon nanotube products: a review

Wed, 18 Apr 2012 15:46:36 GMT

The importance of evaluating the environmental performance of emerging carbon nanotube (CNT) products from a life cycle perspective is emphasized in this work. Cradle-to-grave life cycle assessments (LCAs) of CNT products should be performed to ensure that the negative impacts of these products do not transcend the benefits offered by them.
Journal of Cleaner Production, 26: 37-47 (May 2012)

Tissue distribution and histopathological effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles after intravenous or subcutaneous injection in mice

Wed, 18 Apr 2012 15:21:53 GMT

This study evaluated the tissue distribution and histopathological effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (approximately 120 nm diameter) in mice after intravenous (i.v.; 56 or 560 mg kg−1 per mouse) or subcutaneous (s.c.; 560 or 5600 mg kg−1 per mouse) injection on two consecutive days. Animals were examined 1 and 3 days, and 2, 4, 12 and 26 weeks after the final injection.
Journal of Applied Toxicology, 32(5): 350-357 (May 2012)

Titanium dioxide particles phosphorylate histone H2AX independent of ROS production

Wed, 18 Apr 2012 15:10:51 GMT

In this study, the authors examined the genotoxicity of two different sized TiO2 nanoparticles in the lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line A549 based on the phosphorylation of histone H2AX (ã-H2AX), recently regarded as a sensitive marker for DNA damage.
Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 742(1-2): 84-91 (February 2012)

Effective Surface Charge Density Determines the Electrostatic Attraction between Nanoparticles and Cells

Wed, 18 Apr 2012 14:59:24 GMT

In this study, the authors examine the origin of the electrostatic attraction between nanoparticle (NP) and cells by synthesizing a NP array with a continuous change in surface charge density (SCD).
Journal of Physical Chemistry, 2012, 116(8): 4993-4998

Comparative toxicity of nanostructured alumina and a commercial inert dust for Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) at varying ambient humidity levels

Wed, 18 Apr 2012 14:50:35 GMT

This study investigated the toxicity of nanostructured alumina (NSA) and Protect-It® diatomaceous earth (DE) using dry dust applications at three different relative ambient humidity levels on two insect species, Sitophilus oryzae (L.), and Rhyzopertha dominica, (F.), major pests of stored grain.
Journal of Stored Products Research, 48: 81-90 (January 2012)

Ecotoxicology of Nanomaterials

Wed, 18 Apr 2012 14:39:59 GMT

This review paper argues that the real environmental effects of nanomaterials are not yet fully understood. Thus any effective protective regulatory policy concerning nanomaterials has not yet been established. (paper in Czech)
Chemicke Listy, 2012, 106(2): 82-87

Relative Susceptibility and Transcriptional Response of Nitrogen Cycling Bacteria to Quantum Dots

Wed, 18 Apr 2012 14:28:55 GMT

In this study, the toxicity of quantum dots (QDs) coated with cationic polyethylenimine (PEI) as compared to QDs coated with anionic polymaleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene (PMAO) was investigated on pure cultures of nitrogen-cycling bacteria such as nitrifying bacteria (i.e., Nitrosomonas europaea) and nitrogen fixing (i.e., Azotobacter vinelandii, Rhizobium etli, and Azospirillum lipoferum) and denitrifying bacteria (i.e., Pseudomonas stutzeri).
Environ. Sci. Technol., 2012, 46(6): 3433-3441

Size-Dependent Toxicity of Nano-C60 Aggregates: More Sensitive Indication by Apoptosis-Related Bax Translocation in Cultured Human Cells

Wed, 18 Apr 2012 14:12:46 GMT

In this work, six fractions of the nano-C60 aggregates (nC60) with different size distribution were prepared by a simple differential centrifugation and these nC60 fractions, were used to investigate the size-dependent inhibition of DNA polymerase and reduced-size enhanced cytotoxicity.
Environ. Sci. Technol., 2012, 46(6): 3457-3464

Effect of nanodiamond powders on the viability and production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species by human endothelial cells

Tue, 17 Apr 2012 16:49:26 GMT

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of diamond powders, MW/RF1 (produced by the microwave/radio frequency plasma activated chemical vapour deposition method), RF1 (produced by the radio frequency plasma activated chemical vapour deposition method), UDD (manufactured by the detonation method) and GRAF (graphite powder) on the viability of immortalised human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC-ST) and production of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide by these cells.
Diamond and Related Materials, 21: 107-113 (January 2012)

Recent progress and perspectives on the toxicity of carbon nanotubes at organism, organ, cell, and biomacromolecule levels

Tue, 17 Apr 2012 16:39:43 GMT

This review provides an overview and comments on recent advances (mostly within the last 3 years) in the toxicology of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), including their toxicity targeted to cells, organs, tissues and the whole organism, including mammals and other species (e.g. aquatic species, plants, and bacteria). Not only these traditional subjects of toxicological study but the interaction of CNTs and biomacromolecules is also covered so that the mechanism of their toxicity may be understood and their undesirable properties are more likely to be avoided.
Environment International, 40(1): 244-255 (April 2012)

Human health effects of residual carbon nanotubes and traditional water treatment chemicals in drinking water

Tue, 17 Apr 2012 16:29:56 GMT

This paper presents a qualitative comparison of the human health effects of both residual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and traditional water treatment chemicals. In addition, it is also important to cover and compare the human health effects of CNTs to those of traditional water treatment chemicals together in one review because they are both used for water treatment and purification.
Environment International, 39(1): 38-49 (February 2012)

Nickel oxide nanoparticles induce cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and apoptosis in cultured human cells that is abrogated by the dietary antioxidant curcumin

Tue, 17 Apr 2012 16:21:00 GMT

This study was designed to investigate nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and apoptosis in cultured human airway epithelial (HEp-2) and human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. The preventive potential of a dietary antioxidant curcumin against NiO NPs induced toxicity in HEp-2 MCF-7 cells was further examined.
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2012, 50(3-4): 641-647

Microsomal Glutathione Transferase 1 Protects Against Toxicity Induced by Silica Nanoparticles but Not by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

Tue, 17 Apr 2012 16:10:08 GMT

For this study, the authors evaluated the induction of cytotoxicity and oxidative stress by TiO2, CeO2, SiO2, and ZnO in the human MCF-7 cell line with or without overexpression of Microsomal glutathione transferase 1 (MGST1) to test the hypothesis that MGST1 may protect against nanomaterial-induced cytotoxicity through a specific effect on lipid peroxidation.
ACS Nano, 2012, 6(3): 1925-1938

Are Some Neurons Hypersensitive to Metallic Nanoparticles?

Tue, 17 Apr 2012 15:59:37 GMT

This paper uses a novel theoretical model (stochastic threshold microdose [STM] model) to characterize survival of DRG neurons exposed in cell culture replicates to copper nanoparticles, based on published data. Cell death via autophagy is assumed here to occur as a result of the uptake (called hits) of the nanoparticles by mitochondria.
Dose Response, 2012, 10(1): 37-57

Size-Dependent Localization and Quantitative Evaluation of the Intracellular Migration of Silica Nanoparticles in Caco-2 Cells

Tue, 17 Apr 2012 15:43:42 GMT

For this study, the localization and intracellular migration of 32 and 83 nm SiO2 nanoparticles in relation to the nucleus was evaluated in vitro on undifferentiated human colon carcinoma (Caco-2) cells and the cytotoxic (WST-1 assay) and genotoxic (comet assay) effects of the silica nanoparticles were evaluated.
Chemistry of Materials, 2012, 24(5): 914-923

Does Shape Matter? Bioeffects of Gold Nanomaterials in a Human Skin Cell Model

Tue, 17 Apr 2012 15:35:48 GMT

This study investigates two gold nanomaterials (AuNMs) with different aspect ratios (AR) on mediation of biological responses in the human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) to model potential skin exposure to these AuNMs. The cellular responses were evaluated by cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, alteration in gene and protein expression, and inflammatory response.
Langmuir, 2012, 28(6): 3248-3258

The chronic spleen injury of mice following long-term exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Tue, 17 Apr 2012 15:24:33 GMT

For this study, histopathological and ultrastructure changes, hematological parameters, lymphocyte subsets, the inflammatory, and apoptotic cytokines in the mouse spleen were investigated in order to understand the chronic spleen injury induced by intragastric administrations with 2.5, 5, and 10 mg kg−1 body weight titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) for 90 consecutive days.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 100A(4): 894-902 (April 2012)

Magnetite induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in lung epithelial cells

Tue, 17 Apr 2012 15:15:25 GMT

In this study, the toxic properties of magnetite stabilized with polyacrylate sodium was investigated. Specifically lung epithelial cells were treated with different concentrations of magnetite and investigated and the effects on oxidative stress and cell proliferation were studied.
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 363(1-2): 225-234 (April 2012)

The antithrombotic and antimicrobial properties of PEG-protected silver nanoparticle coated surfaces

Tue, 17 Apr 2012 14:57:02 GMT

This study investigates the hypothesis that polyethylene glycol (PEG) protected silver nanoparticles (SNPs) can be incorporated with biomaterials to attain dual properties; and by adjusting an optimum concentration, its cytotoxicity to tissues and cells can be prevented.
Biomaterials, 33(11): 3083-3092 (April 2012)

Presence of Nano-Sized Silica during In Vitro Digestion of Foods Containing Silica as a Food Additive

Mon, 16 Apr 2012 17:20:22 GMT

For this study, the authors used an in vitro model to mimic the human digestion. Food products subjected to in vitro digestion included (i) hot water, (ii) coffee with powdered creamer, (iii) instant soup, and (iv) pancake which either contained silica as the food additive E551, or to which a form of synthetic amorphous silica or 32 nm SiO2 particles were added.
ACS Nano, 2012, 6(3): 2441-2451

DNA Damage in Human Pleural Mesothelial Cells Induced by Exposure to Carbon Nanotubes

Mon, 16 Apr 2012 17:08:38 GMT

In this study, the authors investigated the potential risk posed by singlewalled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) exposure in human pleural mesothelial cells. CNT cytotoxicity was determined by a trypan blue exclusion assay, and DNA damage was detected by an alkaline comet assay. (Paper in Japanese)
Japanese Journal of Hygiene, 2012, 67(1): 76-83

Oxidative damage to biological macromolecules in human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells labeled with various types of iron oxide nanoparticles

Mon, 16 Apr 2012 16:58:47 GMT

For this study, the biological effects of several superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) varying in their surface coating were tested using human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells from two donors – hBMSCs-1 and hBMSCs-2.
Toxicology Letters, 210(1): 53-63 (April 2012)

Monosaccharides versus PEG-Functionalized NPs: Influence in the Cellular Uptake

Mon, 16 Apr 2012 16:49:08 GMT

In this study, the authors, through accurate control over unspecific protein adsorption, size distribution, grafting density, and an extensive physicochemical characterization, correlate the cytotoxicity and cellular uptake mechanism of 6 nm magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) coated with several types and various densities of biomolecules, such as glucose, galactose, and poly(ethylene glycol).
ACS Nano, 2012, 6(2): 1565-1577

Effects of metallic and metal oxide nanoparticles in aquatic and terrestrial food chains. Biomarkers responses in invertebrates and bacteria

Mon, 16 Apr 2012 15:52:05 GMT

This paper presents an outline of the ecological impact of metallic and metal oxide nanoparticle's (NPs) span from the surface atoms of NPs, to unicellular organisms, such as bacteria, and organism levels. On multicellular organisms, the focus is on biomarkers reporting on stress, central nervous system endpoints and antioxidative balance assessment. On bacteria, which are key players in NPs transfer, the focus is to study not only the impact of NPs on cells, at the microbial community, cell and molecular level, but also the effect of cells on NPs.
International Journal of Nanotechnology, 2012, 9(3/4/5/6/7): 181-203

Environmental fate of nanoparticles: physical chemical and biological aspects – a few snapshots

Mon, 16 Apr 2012 15:43:22 GMT

In this review, the unique surface properties of nanomaterials, the stability and the eventual degradation of intermediate nanomaterials and the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity are described especially in terms of oxidation-reduction reactions owing to surface reactivity, surface atoms dissolution, oxidative dissolution and dissolution.
International Journal of Nanotechnology, 2012, 9(3/4/5/6/7): 167-180

Antibacterial activity, inflammatory response, coagulation and cytotoxicity effects of silver nanoparticles

Mon, 16 Apr 2012 15:26:59 GMT

For this study, the effects of 24 nm silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on a panel of bacteria isolated from medical devices used in a hospital intensive care unit were investigated. The cytotoxic effects were evaluated in macrophages and the expression of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-á were quantified. The effects of NPs on coagulation were tested in vitro in plasma-based assays.
Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 8(3): 328-336 (April 2012)

Short-Term Rat Inhalation Study With Aerosols of Acrylic Ester-Based Polymer Dispersions Containing a Fraction of Nanoparticles

Mon, 16 Apr 2012 15:14:37 GMT

For this study, male rats were nose-only exposed to aerosols generated from 2 dispersions of acrylic ester polymers with identical chemical composition but different nano-sized particle proportions at particle concentrations of 3 and 10 mg/m3. Immediately and 19 days after the end of inhalation, necropsies were conducted with major emphasis on respiratory tract histopathology. Three and 23 days after the end of inhalation, bronchoalveolar lavage was performed to screen for early pulmonary injury and inflammation.
International Journal of Toxicology, 31(1): 46-57 (January/February 2012)

Short term inhalation toxicity of a liquid aerosol of CdS/Cd(OH)2 core shell quantum dots in male Wistar rats

Mon, 16 Apr 2012 15:00:06 GMT

This study investigates the short-term inhalation toxicity of water-soluble core-shell CdS/Cd(OH)2 quantum dots (QD). Male Wistar rats were head-nose exposed for 6 h/day on 5 days at the technically maximum concentration (0.52 mg Cd/m3). Histological examination was performed directly after the last exposure. Additional rats were used for Cd organ burden determinations. Clinical parameters in blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue were determined 3 days after the last exposure.
Toxicology Letters, 208(2): 115-124 (January 2012)

The possible mechanism of silver nanoparticle impact on hippocampal synaptic plasticity and spatial cognition in rats

Mon, 16 Apr 2012 14:49:29 GMT

This study investigated effects of the silver nanoparticles (Ag-np) on hippocampal synaptic plasticity and spatial cognition in rats and followed with the research on their possible mechanism. In this study, twenty-four adult male Wister rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, low-dose group (Ag-np, 3 mg/kg) and high-dose group (Ag-np, 30 mg/kg). After two-week exposure to Ag-np through the nasal administration, Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed for the spatial cognition, followed by the long-term potentiation (LTP) recording and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection in hippocampal homogenate.
Toxicology Letters, 209(3): 227-231 (March 2012)

Dose-dependent Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress Induced by “Naked” Fe3O4 Nanoparticles in Human Hepatocyte

Mon, 16 Apr 2012 14:37:32 GMT

In this study, the dose-dependent cytotoxicity effect on human hepatocyte(HL-7702 cells) induced by “naked” Fe3O4 nanoparticles was assessed through cell viabilities and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activities.
Chemical Research in Chinese Universities, 2012, 28(1): 114-118